MOTS-c is a mitochondria-derived peptide encoded in the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene. Research focuses on metabolic regulation, insulin sensitivity, exercise performance, and longevity mechanisms.
Standard Research Dosage
5–10 mg per injection, administered subcutaneously 2–3x per week. Some protocols use daily dosing at 5 mg. MOTS-c has a short half-life and is typically used in cycles of 4–8 weeks.
Metabolic Mechanism
MOTS-c activates AMPK signaling, inhibits the folate cycle and de novo purine synthesis, and promotes glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. These mechanisms collectively improve insulin sensitivity and metabolic flexibility.
Exercise Research
Animal studies show MOTS-c improves exercise capacity, increases mitochondrial biogenesis, and reduces age-related decline in physical performance. Human data is limited but emerging.